Drinking coffee is associated with improved mood and stress levels and may enhance aspects of cognition, according to a recent research published by Nature. The effects were seen with both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee. Participants who chose decaffeinated brews showed notable gains in learning and episodic memory. The findings suggest that compounds such as polyphenols, rather than caffeine, could be driving these cognitive effects.
The study examined the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the two-way communication network linking gut microbes and the brain. Reintroducing coffee after a period of abstinence was followed by reduced perceived stress, depression, and impulsivity, regardless of caffeine content. Both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee were linked to lower perceived stress, depression, and impulsivity scores. Caffeinated coffee was also associated with reduced anxiety and psychological distress. Decaffeinated coffee improved perceived stress and depression scores.
“Coffee is a complex dietary factor that interacts with gut microbes, metabolism, and emotional well-being. It has the potential to be harnessed as a further intervention as part of a healthy balanced diet, modifying microbes and metabolites for a healthier microbiome,” said Professor John Cryan, according to a press release published by EurekAlert.
Coffee drinkers displayed improved cognitive performance, lower emotional reactivity, and heightened vigilance and attention. Mood improvements appeared irrespective of caffeine content. The study’s physiological and microbial readouts aligned with the behavioral findings.
Coffee consumption altered gut microbiota composition and metabolites. Increases were observed in bacteria that may help eliminate unhealthy gut bacteria and stomach infections. Coffee intake was also associated with an increase in a bacterial group that has been linked to positive emotions.
Participants who consumed decaffeinated coffee showed particularly strong improvements in learning and memory, including episodic memory performance. This reinforced the interpretation that non-caffeine components of the beverage may be driving benefits in cognition.
Moderate consumption, specifically two to three cups per day, was linked to the lowest risk of mental health diagnoses, including mood disorders, stress, depression, and anxiety. Consuming less than two cups daily did not show significant mental health benefits. Drinking more than three cups could negate benefits and potentially increase anxiety and sleep problems. The stress-relieving effects were not seen beyond three cups, and five or more cups each day offered no additional benefit and may be linked to a higher risk. The association between coffee and improved mental health outcomes appears stronger in men than in women.
For most people, moderate coffee drinking can be part of a healthy lifestyle but should not substitute fundamental mental health practices.
Source:
www.jpost.com
